Accidentals in a chord stack in offset columns to avoid collision, nearest-interval-first

When chord notes are close enough that accidental glyphs would overlap, colliding accidentals are pushed into successive columns further from the noteheads, closest conflicts getting the widest offset.

A cluster chord with three adjacent accidental-altered voices a 2nd apart all render in the same column, overlapping illegibly.

Gould, 'Chords' chapter, explicit stacking diagrams; Ross, chords chapter, same nearest-conflict-first principle; Read less prescriptive but agrees on avoid-collision. SMuFL-aware renderers (Dorico/Verovio/LilyPond) implement this automatically.

This rule needs the notated content and the rendered result together — the score says what should happen, the page says whether it did.