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Haste, hurry.
Seldom printed alone: it appears chiefly in senza fretta (without hurry), as part of a tempo heading or a warning above the staff, and lasts as long as the phrase it belongs to.
Most composers use the word negatively — to stop a performer hurrying — because haste is better written into the music with a verb (accelerando, stringendo, affrettando). If you want urgency, those words give a clearer instruction than fretta. When you do write senza fretta, place it where the music invites hurry, not over a passage that has no such pull.
Mahler, Kindertotenlieder, “Oft denk’ ich, sie sind nur ausgegangen”, voice, heading: “Tranquillo con moto, senza fretta”, printed beside the German “Ruhig bewegt, ohne zu eilen”.
Fretta is one of 1755 terms in the Gradus musical dictionary: the words, abbreviations and instrument names that appear in printed scores, plus the vocabulary composers use to talk about them.
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