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Very fast (assai means "very" in this sense).
Printed above the staff as a movement heading; it governs until the next tempo word. In 18th-century music it often heads finales, and in orchestral parts it is repeated at the head of each part.
Assai intensifies allegro — very fast — though a minority reading takes 18th-century assai as “rather” rather than “very”, so its exact force is debated. Classical composers used it for urgent, driving finales. Treat it as a fast tempo with forward momentum, and add a metronome mark to settle the question for modern players.
Mozart, Symphony No. 40 in G minor, K. 550, fourth movement, m. 1: “Allegro assai.”, heading a finale that begins p.
Allegro assai is one of 1755 terms in the Gradus musical dictionary: the words, abbreviations and instrument names that appear in printed scores, plus the vocabulary composers use to talk about them.
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