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Rule
Gradus GE-111 · cite this code — it is permanent. Rule id expr-artic-model-a-single-value
Portato (a sustained-but-separated touch) is notated as a staccato dot AND a tenuto line together on one notehead — a legitimate, named combination, distinct from either mark alone.
Gould, Behind Bars, ch. Articulation — lists staccato+tenuto (portato) as the one standard combination mark in common use; Read, Music Notation, gives the same combination under "mezzo staccato"/portato.
This rule can be decided from pitches, durations and voices — no layout required. A validator can check it before anything is drawn.
Gradus GE-111 — Model A cannot author combination articulations (e.g. portato). Gradus Engraving Rulebook v1.0. https://gradusmusic.com/engraving/rule/expr-artic-model-a-single-value
Rulebook v1.0 · text licensed CC-BY-4.0 · machine-readable at /api/v1/engraving/rules/expr-artic-model-a-single-value